Weight gain in early adulthood linked to health risks later in life
Cumulative weight gain from the age of 18 to the age of 55 may be tied to a greater risk of chronic diseases and complications, such as type 2 diabetes and premature death, according to the results of a new study conducted in Massachusetts.
Senior author Prof. Frank Hu, of the Department of Nutrition at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health in Boston, MA, led the study with postdoctoral fellow Yan Zheng and colleagues.
“Our study is the first of its kind to systematically examine the association of weight gain from early to middle adulthood with major health risks later in life,” says Prof. Hu. “The findings indicate that even a modest amount of weight gain may have important health consequences.”
The researchers found that compared with individuals whose weight was stable before the age of 55 – that is, they had not lost or gained more than 5 pounds – participants who had moderate weight gain were more likely to develop major chronic diseases.
Furthermore, those who gained a moderate amount of weight increased their risk of premature death and decreased their likelihood of scoring well on a healthy aging assessment designed to test cognitive and physical health.
Gaining as little as 11 pounds in weight from early to middle adulthood was linked with a 30 percent higher risk of type 2 diabetes, a 14 percent increased risk of high blood pressure, and an 8 percent greater risk of cardiovascular disease.
Yan Zheng said that “These findings may help health professionals counsel patients about the health consequences of weight gain. Prevention of weight gain through healthy diets and lifestyle is of paramount importance.”
However, one limitation of the research was that early adulthood weight was recalled at a later stage. For this reason, misclassifications of some participants’ weight changes were inevitable.
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